SINCE EDUCATION THROUGH THE AGES was forbidden to women (even in Europe up until the end of the eighteenth century),…

AL-AZHAR FORMED a ‘Scientific Research Academy’ which specialized in confiscating books critical of Islam or the Companions, instead of actually…

THE ARABS THROUGHOUT their known history, have relied on the oral transmission of their experiences, and did not care at…

THE ‘AMR IBN AL-‘ĀS MOSQUE in Fusṭāṭ, built in 641 AD, was modernized in 673 AD during the reign of Mu‘āwiya ibn Abī Sufyān who…

BY THE END of the first century AD maritime trade via the Red Sea was flourishing because it was cheaper…

IN THE WRITINGS of the Greeks and Romans, and also in the Torah, southern Arabia was depicted as a rich…

SOME PROPONENTS of Qur’ānic miracles have imbibed this illusion and claimed that Makka indeed stands at the centre of the…

SINCE THE ROMAN Empire had hostile relations with the Sasanian Empire in Persia, the Roman Empire in Constantinople sought the…

ACCORDINGLY, WE CAN say that all works of Arab genealogy are nothing but tales written by some who claimed to…

WHEN MUHAMMAD BEGAN his call, he began with short suras of the Qur’an, consisting of saj‘ rhymes that imitated the rhymes of…