Since the dawn of history men of free intellect and lively conscience have written on the need for peace to prevail over all peoples of the world, and that no man should impinge upon another or any state upon another. But this humanitarian demand will not be achieved until such time as mankind frees itself of all forms of violence.
In 1869-70 Pope Pius IX convened the Vatican I Council for the purpose of securing papal infallibility. A century later in 1962-65 Vatican II was convened not to announce the death of this infallibility, nor the death of religious narcissism or the end of the absolute truth that of necessity underpins them, but to inaugurate the re-founding of the Catholic faith, through a re-founding of Christianity as a whole
The Sunni jurisprudential field in general accepts the possibility of the Prophets committing venial, not mortal, sins and that they may have omitted or forgotten things, while the Shīʽa jurisprudential field takes an entirely opposed position.
The first half of the 20th century was spent in attempts to imitate Western modernity on a number of levels. This period was tantamount to a phase of dazzlement and fascination with the West and its achievements. In the 'clash of cultures' this phase is termed the ‘honeymoon stage,’[1] a stage which is destined not to last.
In 1869-70 Pope Pius IX convened the Vatican I Council for the purpose of securing papal infallibility. A century later in 1962-65 Vatican II was convened not to announce the death of this infallibility, nor the death of religious narcissism or the end of the absolute truth that of necessity underpins them, but to inaugurate the re-founding of the Catholic faith, through a re-founding of Christianity as a whole
The Sunni jurisprudential field in general accepts the possibility of the Prophets committing venial, not mortal, sins and that they may have omitted or forgotten things, while the Shīʽa jurisprudential field takes an entirely opposed position.
The first half of the 20th century was spent in attempts to imitate Western modernity on a number of levels. This period was tantamount to a phase of dazzlement and fascination with the West and its achievements. In the 'clash of cultures' this phase is termed the ‘honeymoon stage,’
